On September 2, 1996, the Philippine government and the Moro National Liberation Front (MNLF) signed the Final Peace Agreement, ending more than two decades of conflict in Mindanao.

The peace negotiations, which began in 1992, were led by then-President Fidel V. Ramos and MNLF Chairman Nur Misuari. The peace agreement was the culmination of four years of negotiations, which involved ceasefires, confidence-building measures, and the drafting of a new autonomous government for the Muslim-majority regions in Mindanao.

The signing of the peace agreement marked a historic moment for the Philippines, as it paved the way for the establishment of the Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao (ARMM). This region, which includes the provinces of Basilan, Sulu, Tawi-Tawi, Lanao del Sur, and Maguindanao, is granted more autonomy and political power than any other region in the country.

Under the ARMM, the Muslim majority in Mindanao is given more control over their own affairs, such as the establishment of their own legislature, executive, and judicial branches. The agreement also provides for the disarmament and demobilization of MNLF combatants, as well as the integration of some of them into the Philippine armed forces.

So, who signed the Final Peace Agreement with the MNLF? On behalf of the Philippine government, President Ramos signed the agreement, while MNLF Chairman Misuari signed on behalf of the separatist group. The signing took place in Malacañang Palace, the official residence of the President of the Philippines, in the presence of international observers and diplomats.

The signing of the peace agreement was met with optimism and relief by Filipinos across the country, as it signaled a new era of peace and stability in Mindanao. However, the road to lasting peace in the region has been long and difficult, with various issues and new conflicts arising over the years.

But despite the challenges, the Final Peace Agreement remains an important milestone in the history of the Philippines, as it stands as a testament to the power of diplomacy and dialogue in resolving conflicts and promoting peace.